Difference between revisions of "Contrast medium reaction"
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{{Authors|[[User:Mikael Häggström|Mikael Häggström]]}} | {{Authors|[[User:Mikael Häggström|Mikael Häggström]]}} | ||
| − | {{Nutshell| | + | {{Nutshell|In a more severe reaction: |
*'''Adrenaline''', 0.3-0.5mg in adults, given intramuscularly, is the most important initial therapy.<ref name=SURF>{{cite web|url=http://www.mastcellssjukdom.se/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Nationella_rekommendationer_%C3%B6verk%C3%A4nslighetsreaktioner_kontrastmedel__PDF_2014-10-17.pdf|title=Hypersensitivity reactions against contrast media - Swedish Society of Uroradiology [Swedish: Överkänslighetsreaktioner mot kontrastmedel – SURFs kontrastmedelsgrupp] ], 2014-10-17}}</ref> | *'''Adrenaline''', 0.3-0.5mg in adults, given intramuscularly, is the most important initial therapy.<ref name=SURF>{{cite web|url=http://www.mastcellssjukdom.se/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/Nationella_rekommendationer_%C3%B6verk%C3%A4nslighetsreaktioner_kontrastmedel__PDF_2014-10-17.pdf|title=Hypersensitivity reactions against contrast media - Swedish Society of Uroradiology [Swedish: Överkänslighetsreaktioner mot kontrastmedel – SURFs kontrastmedelsgrupp] ], 2014-10-17}}</ref> | ||
| − | *'''Peripheral venous catheter''' and IV fluids are needed | + | *'''Peripheral venous catheter''' and IV fluids are needed<ref name=SURF/> |
*Oxygen saturation, pulse and blood pressure are monitored.<ref name=SURF/> | *Oxygen saturation, pulse and blood pressure are monitored.<ref name=SURF/> | ||
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Revision as of 17:59, 22 May 2018
Author:
[notes 1]
| This page in a nutshell: In a more severe reaction: |
In case of a contrast medium reaction, a patient should be evaluated for the presence of the following symptoms and be medicated accordingly. Anaphylaxis is a more severe allergic reaction whose diagnostic criteria generally include low blood pressure and/or respiratory distress,[2] and indicate the attention of an anesthesiologist or corresponding clinician on duty.
| Symptoms[1] | Medication[1] | Route[1] | Dosage[1] | Time to effect[1] | Repeat[1] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adults | Children | |||||
|
Injection of adrenaline | Intramuscular in lateral thigh | 0.3 - 0.5 mg |
|
Less than 5 min | Every 5-10 min if needed |
| Asthma | Salbutamol (Ventolin) or own bronchodilator | Inhalation |
|
|
Less than 5 min | Every 10 mins if needed |
| Hypoxia | Oxygen | Mask | >5 l/min | Almost immediate | Continuous | |
| Altered level of consciousness or hypotension | Volume expander such as Ringer's | IV with pressure | 20mg/kg | Fast | As needed | |
| All anaphylaxis cases | Antihistamine such as desloratadine (Clarinex/Aerius) | Oral | 10mg of desloratadine |
|
Within 30-60 minutes | Usually not |
| All anaphylaxis cases | Glucocorticoid such as betamethasone | Oral or IV |
|
|
2-3 hours | Usually not |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 . Hypersensitivity reactions against contrast media - Swedish Society of Uroradiology [Swedish: Överkänslighetsreaktioner mot kontrastmedel – SURFs kontrastmedelsgrupp ], 2014-10-17].
- ↑ Kim, Harold; Fischer, David (2011). "Anaphylaxis ". Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 7 (Suppl 1): S6. doi:. ISSN 1710-1492.
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